Trabajar al aire libre reduce el riesgo de enfermedad de Parkinson

Investigadores daneses y estadounidenses publican en la revista Occupational Environment Medicine un estudio según el cual los trabajadores al aire libre tendrían un menor riesgo de párkinson, debido seguramente al efecto de la luz solar en la estimulación de producción de vitamina D, cuyo déficit se relaciona con enfermedades neurodegenerativas. La investigación se ha llevado a cabo sobre 3.819 hombres diagnosticados de enfermedad de Parkinson, encontrándose una asociación inversa entre dicho diagnóstico y el tiempo trabajado al aire libre.

Outdoor work and risk for Parkinson's disease: a population-based case–control study

Objectives: Sunlight is the main contributor to vitamin D in humans. Since inadequate levels of vitamin D have been linked to increased risks for neurodegenerative diseases, we examined whether outdoor work is associated with a reduced risk for Parkinson's disease in a population-based case–control study of Danish men.

Methods: We identified 3819 men with a primary diagnosis of Parkinson's disease in the period 1995–2006 in the Danish National Hospital Register and selected 19 282 age- and sex-matched population controls at random from the Central Population Register. Information on work history was ascertained from the Danish Supplementary Pension Fund and the Central Population Register. Based on trade grouping codes and job titles, we evaluated the extent of outdoor work of study subjects as a proxy of exposure to sunlight.

Results: Relying on trade grouping codes, we estimated ORs for study subjects with moderate, frequent and maximal outdoor work compared with exclusive indoor work of 0.90 (95% CI 0.78 to 1.02), 0.86 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.99) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.82), respectively, for Parkinson's disease. Reduced risks were also found for Parkinson's disease among outdoor workers based on study subjects' job titles.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that men working outdoors have a lower risk for Parkinson's disease. Further studies of measured vitamin D levels in outdoor workers are warranted to clarify a potential inverse association between vitamin D and the risk for Parkinson's disease.